| Long-Term Exposure to Urban Air Pollution and Mortality in a Cohort of More than A Million Adults in Rome |
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Most of the available evidence linking long-term air pollution exposure with mortality comes from North American studies. The first Italian study aimed to analyze the association between long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particulate (PM2.5) and mortality has been published on Environmental Health Perspectives. More than a million adults residents in Rome has been followed from 2001 to 2010. Exposure to NO2 and PM2.5 has been attributed to each residence address. Residents in Rome are exposed to annual mean concentrations equal to 44 µg/m3 NO2 and 23 µg/m3 PM2.5, very close to the present European Union guidelines (40 µg/m3 for NO2 and 25 µg/m3 for PM2.5). However, this study highlighted an increased mortality risk (for non-accidental causes, cardiovascular diseases, ischemic heart diseases, and lung cancer) with increasing levels of exposure to NO2 and PM2.5, even below the current EU guidelines.
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